【Docker × Python】Djangoの開発環境をコンテナで作る

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.
├── .devcontainer
│   └── devcontainer.json
├── docker
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   ├── docker-compose.yml
│   └── requirements.txt
└── dockerdjango
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── djangoapp
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── admin.py
    │   ├── apps.py
    │   ├── migrations
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   └── __pycache__
    │   │       └── __init__.cpython-310.pyc
    │   ├── models.py
    │   ├── tests.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── views.py
    ├── dockerdjango
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── asgi.py
    │   ├── settings.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── wsgi.py
    └── manage.py

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version: "3"
services:
  # サーバー
  django:
    container_name: "django"
    # Dockerfileをビルド
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    tty: true
    # プロジェクトをバインドマウント
    volumes:
      - ../:/workspace
    # ポートマッピングを指定
    ports:
      - 8000:8000

  # クライアント
  client:
    container_name: "client"
    image: python:3.10
    tty: true

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# イメージ
FROM python:3.10

# workspaceディレクトリを作成
WORKDIR /workspace

# workspaceにrequirements.txtをコピー
COPY requirements.txt /workspace/

# requirements.txtのパッケージをインストール
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

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Django==4.2.6

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{
    // コンテナ名
    "name": "dockerdjango",
    // コンテナ作成に使うdocker-comopseファイルの相対パス
    "dockerComposeFile": "../docker/docker-compose.yml",
    // サービス名
    "service": "django",
    // コンテナ内のプロジェクトのルートフォルダを指定
    "workspaceFolder": "/workspace",
    // コンテナ停止時のアクション
    "shutdownAction": "stopCompose",
    // コンテナに入れるVScodeの拡張機能
    "extensions": [
        "ms-python.python",
        "ms-toolsai.jupyter",
        "mhutchie.git-graph"
    ]
}

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$ python -m django --version
4.2.6

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django-admin startproject < project-name >

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django-admin startproject dockerdjango

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.
├── .devcontainer
│   └── devcontainer.json
├── docker
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   ├── docker-compose.yml
│   └── requirements.txt
└── dockerdjango
    ├── dockerdjango
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── asgi.py
    │   ├── settings.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── wsgi.py
    └── manage.py

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python manage.py runserver

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$ cd dockerdjango/
$ python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have 18 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.
October 24, 2023 - 14:31:43
Django version 4.2.6, using settings 'dockerdjango.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

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$ python manage.py runserver 0:8000
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have 18 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.
October 24, 2023 - 14:36:23
Django version 4.2.6, using settings 'dockerdjango.settings'
Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

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python manage.py startapp < app-name >

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python manage.py startapp djangoapp

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.
├── .devcontainer
│   └── devcontainer.json
├── docker
│   ├── Dockerfile
│   ├── docker-compose.yml
│   └── requirements.txt
└── dockerdjango
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── djangoapp
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── admin.py
    │   ├── apps.py
    │   ├── migrations
    │   │   └── __init__.py
    │   ├── models.py
    │   ├── tests.py
    │   └── views.py
    ├── dockerdjango
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── settings.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   ├── urls.cpython-310.pyc
    │   │   └── wsgi.cpython-310.pyc
    │   ├── asgi.py
    │   ├── settings.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── wsgi.py
    └── manage.py

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~
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'djangoapp.apps.DjangoappConfig'
]
~

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from django.apps import AppConfig

class DjangoappConfig(AppConfig):
    default_auto_field = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
    name = 'djangoapp'

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from django.urls import path
from .views import djangoappfunc

urlpatterns = [
    path('djangoapp/', djangoappfunc),
]

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from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('app/', include('djangoapp.urls')),
]

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from django.http import HttpResponse

def djangoappfunc(request):

    return HttpResponse("hello world")

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$ python manage.py runserver 0:8000

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~
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 400 Bad Request
2023-11-02 16:53:49 ERROR 400: Bad Request.
~

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ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

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$ python manage.py runserver 0:8000

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$ wget http://localhost:8000/app/djangoapp/
--2023-10-25 13:03:25--  http://localhost:8000/app/djangoapp/
Resolving localhost (localhost)... 127.0.0.1, ::1
Connecting to localhost (localhost)|127.0.0.1|:8000... failed: Connection refused.
Connecting to localhost (localhost)|::1|:8000... failed: Cannot assign requested address.
Retrying.
~

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ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['django']

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$ wget http://django:8000/app/djangoapp/
--2023-10-25 13:09:16--  http://django:8000/app/djangoapp/
Resolving django (django)... 172.31.0.2
Connecting to django (django)|172.31.0.2|:8000... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 11 [text/html]
Saving to: ‘index.html.1’

index.html.1                                        100%[==================================================================================================================>]      11  --.-KB/s    in 0s      

2023-10-25 13:09:16 (1.48 MB/s) - ‘index.html.1’ saved [11/11]

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hello world

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version: "3"
services:
  # サーバー
  django:
    container_name: "django"
    # Dockerfileをビルド
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    tty: true
    # プロジェクトをバインドマウント
    volumes:
      - ../:/workspace
    # ポートマッピングを指定
    ports:
      - 8000:8000

    # Djangoサーバーを起動するコマンドを追加
    # command: ["python", "/workspace/djangoPararel/dockerdjango/manage.py", "runserver", "0:8000"]
    command: >-
      python /workspace/dockerdjango/manage.py runserver 0:8000

  # クライアント
  client:
    container_name: "client"
    image: python:3.10
    tty: true